Lucius Sergius Catilina (ca. 108-62 B.C.E.), a patrician who was successful in politics until he stood for the consulship in 66. Frustrated after four defeats, he probably began his plots only after his last failure at the elections in 63.

11. Cicero and Antonius Consuls (63 B.C.E.)

Gaius Antonius "Hybrida", uncle of the Triumvir Marc Antony, Cicero had little respect for him.

12. Cicero's First Months as Consul.

In January Cicero delivered a series of speeches entitled "On the Agrarian Law," or "Against Rullus," (Rullus is the tribune who proposed the law) three of which survive in part.

13. The Orator as Statesman.

14. Catiline Declares His Intent.

15. Manlius Gathers Troops. The Senate Issues the Ultimate Decree.

The so-called "Final Decree" (Senatus consultum ultimum ) which declared, in effect, a state of martial law.

16. Plot Against the Consul. Cicero's First Catilinarian Oration.

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Celer, Cicero's ally, conservative. Consul in 60, opposed Caesar in 59 and died mysteriously thereafter. Married to Clodia.

Gaius Cornelius Cethegus seems to have been in charge of conspirators in the city, along with Lentulus.

This was Cicero's "First Catilinarian Oration".